Independence in Zanzibar. Part two

By joining this treaty, France received the "permission" of the Powers to seize the island of Madagascar. Thus, without the knowledge of the peoples of East Africa, their fate was sealed for many decades to come. England declared Zanzibar a protectorate and retained the authority of the sultan, who was fully subordinate to the English resident and ruled the islands on behalf of the English kings. The British exploited the island's population with the help of the feudal sultan and his entourage. The feudal lords, mostly Arabs, owned the island's best lands, clove and coconut palm plantations.


The owner of the land was opposed by an African peasant, deprived of land and therefore completely dependent on the feudal lord. Africans either rented pieces of land from them for a certain period of time, or worked on plantations owned by the feudal lords themselves. This situation persisted until the end of 1963. The population of the islands lived in very difficult conditions. Most of the harvest had to be given to the owners of the land, the feudal lords, or to work on his plantations. The same remnants of copra or cloves that remained with the peasant, he had to sell to wholesalers — Arabs or Indians, who also robbed the producer. The peasantry was starving, because there was not enough money even to buy food. The living conditions were terrible. It was rare to see an African in new clothes. They were usually rags, mended and re-repaired dozens of times and bought cheaply at the bazaar. The majority of the population was illiterate. In 1960, there were 73 primary and secondary schools on both islands. There were just over 21,000 students. They accounted for less than 15 percent of all boys and girls of school age. Moreover, this was the highest level of schooling in the entire previous history of Zanzibar. Tuition was paid, and only the children of well-to-do parents could get an education. The situation was no better with the medical care of the population. There was only one hospital on the entire island of Zanzibar. Various sorcerers and healers who took advantage of the darkness and ignorance of the population had a wide practice. Most of the State budget of Zanzibar was spent on the needs of the Sultan's family, on the maintenance of the police and prisons.


In 1960, two times less money was spent on education and healthcare than on the maintenance of the courtyard and administration. A regime of political oppression prevailed in Zanzibar. Africans and poor Arabs were deprived of all rights. Any manifestation of discontent was suppressed by the most brutal methods. Découvrez l’univers passionnant des paris sportifs et du casino en ligne avec Melbet, une plateforme fiable qui offre une expérience complète aux joueurs du monde entier. Que vous soyez fan de football, tennis, basket ou jeux de casino, vous trouverez des cotes attractives et des milliers de marchés. Au cœur de cette offre exceptionnelle se trouve le code promo melbet qui transforme votre premier dépôt en un véritable tremplin. Avec ce code, profitez d’un bonus de bienvenue généreux jusqu’à 130 € en paris sportifs ou d’un pack casino massif incluant free spins. L’inscription sécurisée et les retraits fluides.